@Article{PautetTaChTaMeSãFr:2009:SiObEq,
               author = "Pautet, P. -D. and Taylor, M. J. and Chapagain, N. P. and 
                         Takahashi, H. and Medeiros, A. F. and S{\~a}o Sabbas, F. T. and 
                         Fritts, D. C.",
          affiliation = "{Utah State University} and {Utah State University} and {Utah 
                         State University} and {Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais 
                         (INPE)} and {Universidade Federal de Campina Grande} and 
                         {Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais (INPE)} and {NW Res 
                         Associates Inc}",
                title = "Simultaneous observations of equatorial F-region plasma depletions 
                         over Brazil during the Spread-F Experiment (SpreadFEx)",
              journal = "Annales Geophysicae",
                 year = "2009",
               volume = "27",
               number = "6",
                pages = "2371--2381",
             keywords = "Atmospheric composition and structure, Airglow and aurora, 
                         Ionosphere, Equatorial ionosphere, Ionospheric irregularities, 
                         mesospheric gravity-waves, all-sky images, airglow observations, 
                         zonal drift, ionosphere, bubbles, campaign, irregularities, winds, 
                         scintillations.",
             abstract = "From September to November 2005, the NASA Living with a Star 
                         program supported the Spread-F Experiment campaign (SpreadFEx) in 
                         Brazil to study the effects of convectively generated gravity 
                         waves on the ionosphere and their role in seeding Rayleigh-Taylor 
                         instabilities, and associated equatorial plasma bubbles. Several 
                         US and Brazilian institutes deployed a broad range of instruments 
                         (all-sky imagers, digisondes, photometers, meteor/VHF radars, GPS 
                         receivers) covering a large area of Brazil. The campaign was 
                         divided in two observational phases centered on the September and 
                         October new moon periods. During these periods, an Utah State 
                         University (USU) all-sky CCD imager operated at Sao Joao d'Alianca 
                         (14.8 degrees S, 47.6 degrees W), near Brasilia, and a Brazilian 
                         all-sky CCD imager located at Cariri (7.4 degrees S, 36 degrees 
                         W), observed simultaneously the evolution of the ionospheric 
                         bubbles in the OI (630 nm) emission and the mesospheric gravity 
                         wave field. The two sites had approximately the same magnetic 
                         latitude (9-10 degrees S) but were separated in longitude by 
                         similar to 1500 km. Plasma bubbles were observed on every clear 
                         night (17 from Brasilia and 19 from Cariri, with 8 coincident 
                         nights). These joint datasets provided important information for 
                         characterizing the ionospheric depletions during the campaign and 
                         to perform a novel longitudinal investigation of their 
                         variability. Measurements of the drift velocities at both sites 
                         are in good agreement with previous studies, however, the 
                         overlapping fields of view revealed significant differences in the 
                         occurrence and structure of the plasma bubbles, providing new 
                         evidence for localized generation. This paper summarizes the 
                         observed bubble characteristics important for related 
                         investigations of their seeding mechanisms associated with gravity 
                         wave activity.",
                 issn = "0992-7689",
             language = "en",
           targetfile = "Simu{\c{c}}ataneous observation of equatorial.pdf",
        urlaccessdate = "01 maio 2024"
}